Publications

BOOKS

Chengdu Pingyuan Guoji Kaogu Diaochadui成都平原国际考古调查队 (In Prep). Chengdu Pingyuan Kaogu Diaocha—2005-2010 nian chengguo 成都平原考古调查  -- 2005-2010年成果 [The Chengdu Plain Archaeological Survey – Results from the 2005-2010 Seasons]. Beijing: Kexue chubanshe.

Rowan Flad and Pochan Chen (2013). Ancient Central China: An Archaeological Study of Centers and Peripheries along the Yangzi River. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Liviu Giosan, Dorian Q. Fuller, Kathleen Nicoll, Rowan K. Flad, Peter D. Clift, editors (2012). Climates, Landscapes and Civilizations. AGU Geophysical Monograph Series, Vol. 198. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.

Rowan Flad (2011). Salt Production and Social Hierarchy in Ancient China: An archaeological investigation of specialization in China’s Three Gorges. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Zachary X. Hruby and Rowan K. Flad, editors (2007). Rethinking Craft Specialization in Complex Societies: Archaeological Analyses of the Social Meaning of Production.  Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, No. 17. Arlington, VA: American Anthropological Association.

Yang Hu, Liu Guoxiang, and Tang Chung, editors (English Language editing by Rowan Flad) (2006). Yuqi qiyuan tansuo – Xinglongwa yuqi yanjiu yu tulu玉器起源探索- 興隆洼玉器研究與圖錄 [The origins of Chinese jade culture – Xinglongwa jades research and catalogue]. Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong Press.

PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES / CHAPTERS

1.   Rowan Flad (2013). Animal Exploitation at Zhongba during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages. For Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Studies of Zhongba, Vol. 3, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 226-261. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

2.   Rowan Flad (2013). The Oracle Bones of Zhongba: Divination at an Early Salt Production Site. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Studies of Zhongba, Vol. 3, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 262-309. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

3.   Rowan Flad, Timothy Horsley, Jade D’alpoim Guedes, He Kunyu, Gwen Bennett, Li Shuicheng and Jiang Zhanghua (2013). Survey, Excavation and Geophysics at Songjiaheba – A Small Bronze Age Site in the Chengdu Plain. Asian Perspectives TBD (accepted).

4.   Danielle, Raad, Li Shuicheng, Rowan K. Flad (2013) Testing a novel method to identify salt production pottery via release and detection of chloride ions Journal of Archaeological Science TBD (accepted).

5.   Zhao Zhijun and Rowan Flad (2013). Report on the Floatation Results from the Zhongba Site in Chongqing. For Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 3, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 362-387. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

6.   Rowan Flad (2013). The Sichuan Basin. For A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, ed. by Anne Underhill, pp. 125-146. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.

7.   D'Alpoim Guedes, Jade, David Carrasco, Rowan Flad, Ethan Fosse, Michael Herzfeld, C. C. Lamberg-Karlovsky, Cecil M. Lewis, Matthew Liebmann, Richard Meadow, Nick Patterson, Max Price, Meredith Reiches, Sarah Richardson, Heather Shattuck-Heidorn,  Jason Ur, Gary Urton, Christina Warinner (2013). Is Poverty in our Genes? : A Reply to Ashraf and Galor. Current Anthropology (Forthcoming).

8.   Rowan Flad (2012). Bronze, Jade, Gold, and Ivory: Valuable Objects in Ancient Sichuan. For The Construction of Value in the Ancient World, ed. by John Papadopoulos and Gary Urton, pp. TBD. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology.

9.   Clift, Peter D., Rowan Flad, Dorian Q. Fuller, and Liviu Giosan (2011). Studying the Relationship Between Past People and Their Environments: AGU Chapman Conference on Climates, Past Landscapes, and Civilizations; Santa Fe, New Mexico, 21–25 March 2011. EOS 92(24): 205.

10.                 Rowan Flad (2010). Zhuanye hua shengchan: Ruogan jiben wenti yi ji Zhongba zhiyan de luntan专业化生产：若干基本问题以及中坝制盐的讨论 (Specialization and Production: General Issues and a Discussion of Salt Manufacture at Zhongba). Nanfang minzu kaogu 南方民族考古 [Southern ethnoarchaeology] 6:11-40.

11.                 Rowan Flad, Li Shuicheng, Wu Xiaohong, and Zhao Zhijun (2010). Early wheat at Donghuishan. Results from new studies in the Hexi Corridor. The Holocene 20(6):955-965.

12.                 Chengdu Pingyuan Guoji Kaogu Diaochadui成都平原国际考古调查队 [傅罗文 (Rowan K. Flad); 江章华; 关玉琳 (Gwen Bennett; 提莫西‧郝思利(Tim Horsley); 陈伯桢; 贾什‧莱特 (Josh Wright)] (2010). Chengdu pingyuan quyu kaogu diaocha (2005-2007) 成都平原区域考古调查 (2005-2007) (2005-2007 archaeological survey in the Chengdu Plain). Nanfang minzu kaogu 南方民族考古 [Southern ethnoarchaeology] 6: 255-278.

13.                 Rowan Flad 傅羅文, Yuan Jing 袁靖 and Li Shuicheng 李水城 (2009).         Zhongguo xibei diqu zuizao dongwu xunhua de dongwu kaoguxue ziliao中國西北地區最早動物馴化的動物考古學資料 (Zooarchaeological Evidence for the earliest Animal Domestication in Northwest China).  Kaogu 考古 [Archaeology] 2009(5): 80-86.

14.                 Rowan Flad, Wu Xiaohong, Lothar von Falkenhausen, Li Shuicheng, Sun Zhibin and Pochan Chen (2009). Radiocarbon Dates and Technological Change in Salt Production at the Site of Zhongba in the Three Gorges, China.  Asian Perspectives 48(1): 148-180.

15.                 Rowan Flad (2008). Divination and Power: A Multi-regional View of the Development of Oracle Bone Divination in Early China.  Current Anthropology 49(3): 403-437.

16.                 Rowan Flad (2008). Zhenren: Guanyu zao qi Zhongguo shi zhuo zhanbu qiyuan yu fazhan de yixie sikao贞人：关于早期中国施灼占卜起源与发展的一些思考 (Divine Specialists: Some Thoughts on the Origins and Development of Pyromantic Divination in Early China).  In Proceedings of the Workshop on Early Chinese Civilization, edited by Jing Zhichun and Ken-ichi Takashima, pp. 85-113. Beijing: Kexue chubanshe.

17.                 Yuan Jing, Rowan Flad, and Luo Yunbing (2008). Meat Acquisition Patterns in the Neolithic Yangzi River Valley, China.  Antiquity 82: 351-366.

18.                 Zhu Cheng, Ma Chunmei, Ouyang Jie, Li Zhongxuan, Yin Qian, Sun Zhibin, Huang Yunping, Rowan K. Flad, Li Lan, and Li Yumei (2008). Animal Diversities and characteristics of environmental change revealed by skeletons unearthed at Zhongba site of Chongqing City, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 53, Supp. 1: 74-86.

19.                 Rowan Flad (2007). Rethinking Specialization in the Context of Salt Production in Prehistoric Sichuan.   In Rethinking “Specialized” Production: Archaeological Analyses of the Social Meaning of Manufacture. Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, No. 17, edited by Zachary X. Hruby and Rowan K. Flad, pp. 107-128. Berkeley: University of California Press.

20.                 Rowan Flad, Yuan Jing and Li Shuicheng (2007). Zooarchaeological Evidence for Animal Domestication in Northwest China.  In Late Quaternary Climate Change and Human Adaptation in Arid China, edited by David B. Madsen, Chen FaHu and Gao Xing, pp. 163-199. Developments in Quaternary Science, Vol. 9. Amsterdam: Elsevier Press.

21.                 Rowan Flad and Zachary X. Hruby (2007). "Specialized" Production in Archaeological Contexts: Rethinking Specialization, the Social Value of Products, and the Practice of Production.  In Rethinking “Specialized” Production: Archaeological Analyses of the Social Meaning of Manufacture. Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, No. 17, edited by Zachary X. Hruby and Rowan K. Flad, pp. 1-19. Berkeley: University of California Press.

22.                 Wu Xiaohong 吴小红, Rowan Flad 付罗文, Li Shuicheng 李水城, Lothar von Falkenhausen 罗泰, Sun Zhibin  孙志彬, Chen Pochan 陈伯桢 (2007). Chongqing Zhong Xian Zhongba yizhi de tanshisi niandai重庆中县中坝遗址的碳十四年代 (Preliminary Report on the Radiocarbon dates from the site of Zhongba). Kaogu考古 2007(7): 656-667.

23.                 Zachary X. Hruby, Rowan K Flad, John E. Clark, Takeshi Inomata, and Heather M.-L. Miller (2007). On “Rethinking” Craft Specialization: Responses by the Authors.  In Rethinking “Specialized” Production: Archaeological Analyses of the Social Meaning of Manufacture. Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, No. 17, edited by Zachary X. Hruby and Rowan K. Flad, pp. 181-192. Berkeley: University of California Press.

24.                 Rowan Flad 傅羅文 and Yuan Jing 袁靖 (2006). Sanxia diqu Zhongba yizhi dongwu kaoguxue de chubu yanjiu三峽地區中壩遺址動物考古學的初步研究 (Preliminary research on the Zooarchaeology of the site of Zhongba in the Three Gorges). Kaogu 考古(Archaeology) 2006 (1): 79-88.

25.                 Rowan Flad, Jiping Zhu, Changsui Wang, Pochan Chen, Lothar von Falkenhausen, Zhibin Sun, Shuicheng Li (2006).  Zhongguo zaoqi yanye shengchan de kaogu he huaxue zhengju中國早期鹽業生產的考古和化學證據 (Archaeological and Chemical evidence for early salt production in China). In  Kaogu fajue yu lishi fuyuan考古發掘與歷史復原 [Recovering archaeological excavation and history], edited by Chen Xingcan and Michela Bussotti. Faguo Hanxue 法國漢學 [French Sinology]  11: 23-35.

26.                 Rowan Flad and Pochan Chen (2006). The Archaeology of the Sichuan Basin and Surrounding Areas during the Neolithic Period. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 183-259. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

27.                 Yuan Jing and Rowan Flad (2006).        Research on Early Horse Domestication in China.  In Equids in Time and Space, ed. by Marjan Mashkour, pp. 124-131. Oxford: Oxbow.

28.                 Department of Archaeology, Peking University; Institute of Archaeology, UCLA; Chengdu Municipal Institute of Archaeology; Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama (2006). Report on the Preliminary Field Season in 1999. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 31-113. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

29.                 Rowan Flad (2005). Zooarchaeology at Zhongba – Evaluating Fish and Meat-Salting in the Prehistoric Three Gorges, China.  Journal of Field Archaeology 30 (3): 231-253.

30.                 Rowan Flad, Jiping Zhu, Changsui Wang, Pochan Chen, Lothar von Falkenhausen, Zhibin Sun, Shuicheng Li (2005). Archaeological and Chemical Evidence for Early Salt Production in China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102 (35): 12618-12622. (August 30, 2005).

31.                 Yuan Jing and Rowan Flad (2005).        New Zooarchaeological Evidence for Changes in Shang Dynasty Animal Sacrifice. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 24 (3): 252-270. (May 13, 2005).

32.                 Rowan Flad (2003). Xin Jiniya, Eganda ji Xi Luoma diguo de yanye shengchan, jiaohuan ji xiaofei – Chongqing diqu xian Qin shiqi yanye shengchan de bijiao yanjiu新幾內亞、 烏干達及西羅馬帝國的 鹽業生產、交換及消費— 重慶地區先秦時期鹽業生產的比較研究 (Salt Production, Exchange, and Consumption in New Guinea, Uganda, and the Western Roman Empire – Comparative Examples for Contemplating Pre-Qin Salt Production in Chongqing). Yanyeshi yanjiu 鹽業史研究  (Research on Salt Production History) 2003 (1): 95-104.

33.                 Yuan Jing and Rowan Flad (2003).        Two Issues Concerning Ancient Domesticated Horses in China. Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities 75: 111-127.

34.                 Yuan Jing and Rowan Flad (2002). Pig Domestication in Ancient China. Antiquity 76 (293): 724-732.

35.                 Rowan Flad (2001). Ritual or Structure? Analysis of Burial Elaboration at Dadianzi, Inner Mongolia. Journal of East Asian Archaeology 3 (3-4): 23-52.

BOOK REVIEWS AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS

1.   Rowan Flad (2013). Review of Prehistoric Societies on the Northern Frontiers of China: Archaeological Perspectives on Identity Formation and Economic Change during the First Millennium BCE, by Gideon Shelach. Asian Perspectives 51(1):134-138.

2.   D’Alpoim Guedes, J., Reich, D., Herzfeld, M., Patterson, N., Bestor, T., Lieberman, D., Comaross, J., Flad, R., Carrasco, D., Shattuck-Heidorn, H., Lamberg-Karlovsky, K., Comaroff, J., Meadow, R., Liebmann, M., Urton, G., Pilbeam, D., Kleinman, A., Good, B. (2012). Response to Ashraf and Galor ‘The Out of Africa Hypothesis, Human Genetic Diversity and Comparative Economic Development’ (October 1, 2012). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2155060 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2155060.

3.   Liviu Giosan, Dorian Q. Fuller, Kathleen Nicoll, Rowan K. Flad, Peter D. Clift (2012). Preface. In Climates, Landscapes and Civilizations, edited by Liviu Giosan, Dorian Q. Fuller, Kathleen Nicoll, Rowan K. Flad, Peter D. Clift, pp. vii-ix. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.

4.   Rowan Flad (2010). Archaeology in China’s Three Gorges. In World Prehistory and Archaeology: Pathways through time, by Michael Chazan, pp. 326-327. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.

5.   Rowan Flad (2009). Comment on Rod Campbell’s “Networks and Boundaries Approach to Early Complex Polities: the Late Shang Case." Current Anthropology 50(6):840-841.

6.   Rowan Flad (2009). Archaeology in Central and Southwest China: Travels in Guizhou. Symbols Spring, 2009:16-20.

7.   Horsley, T.J., Flad, R.K., Bennett, G.P., Li, S., Jiang, Zh. and Chen, P. (2009). Investigating ancient landscapes and settlement patterns in the Chengdu Plain, Sichuan, China. Extended abstract in ArcheoSciences, revue d’archéométrie, supplément 33: 187-190.

8.   Rowan Flad (2008). New Research Exploring the Origins of Sanxingdui. Backdirt: Annual Review of the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology 2008: 30-31.

9.   Rowan Flad (2007). Review: Excavating Asian History: Interdisciplinary Studies in Archaeology and History, edited by Norman Yoffee and Bradley L. Crowell. Journal of Asian Studies 66(4): 1105-1107.

10.                 Rowan Flad (2007). Xinglongwa Jades and the Genesis of Value in Northeast China. In Yuqi qiyuan tansuo – Xinglongwa yuqi yanjiu yu tulu玉器起源探索- 興隆洼玉器研究與圖錄 [The origins of Chinese jade culture –Xinglongwa jades research and catalogue], edited by Deng Cong and Liu Guoxiang, pp. 224-234. Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong Press.

11.                 Li Shuicheng and Rowan Flad (2007). Zhongguo de yanye kaogu ji qi qianli中國的鹽業考古及其潛力 (Salt archaeology and its potential in China). In Shijie wenhua de dongya世界文化的東亞視角 [East Asia’s View on World Culture], pp. 393-403. Beijing: Peking University Press.

12.                 Rowan Flad (2006). Review: Archaeology of Asia, edited by Miriam Stark. American Anthropologist 108 (4): 923-924.

13.                 Tom Wake and Rowan Flad (1999). Identification and Analysis of Vertebrate Faunal Remains from CA-RIV-1974, Riverside Co., California.  Report Submitted to CRM Associates, Riverside, CA.

SUBMITTED / UNDER REVIEW

Rowan Flad (n.d.) Salt. In The Archaeology of Food: An Encyclopedia, ed. By Mary Beaudry and Karen Metheny, pp. TBD. Alta Mira Press.

Rowan Flad (n.d.). Hexi zoulang shiqian kaogu diaocha faxian de dongwu guge河西走廊史前考古调查发现的动物骨骼 (Animal Bones from the survey of prehistoric sites in the Hexi Corridor). In Ganguya mudi干骨崖墓地 [The Ganguya Cemetery], by Li Shuicheng, pp. TBD. Beijing: Kexue chubanshe.

Chengdu Pingyuan Guoji Kaogu Diaochadui成都平原国际考古调查队 (n.d.). Songjiaheba – Chengdu Pingyuan qingtong shidai xiaoxing juluo de tianye diaocha, fajue ji diqiu wuli kantan宋家河坝──成都平原青铜时代小型聚落的田野调查，发掘及地球物理勘探 (Songjiaheba -  Survey, geophyiscs and excavation at a small-scale Bronze Age settlement in the Chengdu Plain). For Sichuan wenwu 四川文物 [Cultural relics of Sichuan].

THESES

Rowan Flad (2004). Specialized Salt Production and Changing Social Structure at the Prehistoric Site of Zhongba in the Eastern Sichuan Basin, China. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles - Interdisciplinary Program in Archaeology.

Rowan Flad (1998). Honoring the Dead or the Living? Burial Practices and the use of AnimalRemains at the Cemetery Site of Dadianzi, Inner Mongolia, China.  M.A. Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles - Interdisciplinary Program in Archaeology.

TRANSLATIONS

1.   Han Jianye (2013). The Miaodigou Age and “Early China.” The Chinese Archaeology13: TBD.

2.   Guo Zhiwei (2013). On the custom of burying dogs in prehistoric burials. Chinese Archaeology13: TBD.

3.   He Kunyu (2012). On the subsistence practices of the Shi’erqiao culture – Focus on zooarchaeology.  Chinese Archaeology12:189-194.

4.   Department of Archaeology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (2012). Tomb No. 139 of the Shang Dynasty at Daxinzhuang, Jinan City. Chinese Archaeology12:43-47.

5.   Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Peking University Center for Chinese Archaeology, Shouguang City Cultural Bureau, Shandong Province (2011). The salt production sites at Shuangwangcheng in Shouguang City, Shandong. Chinese Archaeology11:84-91.

6.   Research Center of Oriental Archaeology of Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Institute of Archaeology, and Dongying City Museum of History (2011).  The Salt Industry Remains at Nanheya in Dongying City, Shandong. Chinese Archaeology11:74-83.

7.   Henan Xinzhai Archaeological Team, Institute of Archaeology, CASS and Zhengzhou Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (2010). 2002 excavations on the Xinzhai site in Xinmi City, Henan. Chinese Archaeology 10:99-105.

8.   Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Research Center for Cultural Heritage and Archaeology, Northwest University (2010). The Qijia-culture cemetery at Mogou in Lintan, Gansu. Chinese Archaeology 10:15-23.

9.   Qian Yaopeng, Zhu Yunyun, Mao Ruilin, Xie Yan (2010). A brief discussion on joint burial in Mogou Cemeter of the Qijia culture. Chinese Archaeology 10:158-163.

10.                 Wang Jianhua (2010). A study into the gender composition of the population in the prehistoric Middle and Lower reaches of the Yellow River valley. Chinese Archaeology 10:143-152.

11.                 Qian Yaopeng (2009). On the Traces of Disasters and the Building near the Square in the Lajia Settlement. Chinese Archaeology 9:164-169.

12.                 Yuan Jing (2008). The origins and development of animal domestication in China. Chinese Archaeology 8:1-7.

13.                 Wang Jianhua (2008). Research on the prehistoric population age structure in the Middle and Lower reaches of the Yellow River valley. Chinese Archaeology 8:163-167.

14.                 Wang Qing and Zhu Jiping (2007).         Sea-salt production during the Shang and Zhou eras in Northern Shandong. Chinese Archaeology 7: 119-122.

15.                 Chengdu City Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics (2007, 2008). Text for museum exhibit at Jinsha site museum.  

16.                 Chengdu City Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics (2006). Preliminary Report on the Archaeological Investigations at an Ancient Salt Production Site in Pujiang County, Chengdu City. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 127-145. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

17.                 Li Xiaobo (2006). Study Report on the Ancient Salt Well in Yushan Township, Pengshui County, Chongqing. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 115-125. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

18.                 Li Xiaobo (2006). The Geological Foundation for the Development of Ancient Sichuan Salt Production. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 163-181. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

19.                 Long Teng (2006). Cliffside Carvings Near Salt Wells in Pujiang County. In Salt Archaeology in China: Ancient Salt Production and Landscape Archaeology in the Upper Yangzi Basin: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 147-159. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

20.                 Sun Hua and Zeng Xianlong (2006). Pointed Base Pottery Cups and Scalloped Rim Cauldrons [Fu]: Simultaneous explanation of the Yangzi Gorge Area pre-Qin fishing and salt industries. In Landscape Archaeology and Ancient Salt Production in Sichuan and Adjacent Regions: Preliminary Studies, Vol. 1, ed. by Li Shuicheng and Lothar von Falkenhausen, pp. 287-315. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe.

21.                 Houma Archaeological Station of the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology (2004). The Eastern Zhou Sacrificial Pits at Xigao in Houma, Shanxi. Chinese Archaeology 4: 103-110.

22.                 Hunan Provincial Institute of Antiquity and Archaeology, Huaihua Municipal Office for Preservation of Ancient Monuments, and Yuanling County Museum (2004). Significant Finds from the Han Period Tomb No. 1 at Huxishan in Yuanling.  Chinese Archaeology 4: 111-122.

23.                 Yue Hongbin (2003). Research on the Orientation of Decoration on Bronzes from Yinxu. Chinese Archaeology 3: 170-175.